INTERNATIONAL PROJECT

FLOATING HIGHWAY ISTANBUL-BURGAS-VARNA-CONSTANTA-ODESSA

( Pre-Feasibility Study )

Kapıkule / Kapitan Andreevo is a border-crossing point between Turkey and Bulgaria, which is the busiest land crossing point in Europe, used by drivers going to, and from Asia - Turkey, Syria, Iran, etc. 

It's also ranked the World's Second Largest Land Port of Entry after Tijuana - San Ysidro in USA / Mexico.

In some seasons there are so many cars and trucks, that drivers have to wait for days to cross the border. 

Plus a tremendous air pollution of all the region as a result of such a vehicle congestion.

Our team's ( Grainis ltd. Hydrogen Bulgaria's ) idea is to offer a solution - a Floating Highway in the Black Sea Coastal Waters. This Project will combine a number of inventions, discoveries and lots of lab experiments, made by us for the last 14 years.

Such a Highway will also solve another one big problem :

Bulgaria needs urgently to build a new Highway between the Cities/Ports of Varna and Burgas. The existing old road crossing the Balkan Mountain is extremely dangerous, especially in the winter, with lots of accidents and terrible death toll. In some snowy days this road is even fully impassable in some of its parts.

If a new Varna-Burgas Highway could be extended to Istanbul, then part of the enormous traffic from, and to Asia will pass through that route, which will significantly relieve the Kapikule checkpoint. 

On-land Project needs a gigantic rock crashing, excavations and various else earthworks, truck transport, thousands tons of gravel base, asphalt paving ( Floating Highway will need no gravel, no asphalt, its smooth pavement will be an integral part of the entire BFC construction ), bridges, tunnels, support walls, drainages, etc. high-cost infrastructure, most of it processed in a harsh mountain environment.

Also, the on-land Project route passes too far from the Coastline and the main Resorts, Towns, Ports, Intl. Airports, while a Floating Highway will have a close and direct access to all of these objects and infrastructure.

The Floating Highway could also be extended up to the ports of Constanta in Romania and Odessa in Ukraine, relieving the heavy tourist and cargo traffic coming from Ukraine, Russia and Central Asia, to Istanbul and Africa and vice-versa, along that densely populated coast, extremely busy, especially in the summer tourist season and the holidays. 

The Highway will become the Main East-European North-South Transport Axis.

Existing road passes directly through the centers of many towns and villages on that route, causing accidents, congestion, noise and air pollution.

The Floating Highway will offer diversions to the main cities, resorts and international airports plus connections to the existing highways : Burgas-Sofia-Serbia and Varna-Sofia-Serbia for fast connection with the rest of  Europe.

Our idea is to offer a Project for a new Super-Highway Istanbul-Burgas-Varna-Constanta-Odessa, straight, flat (no slopes and bends ) and inexpensive, built in the Black Sea’s coastal waters, on FLOATING  Assembly-Modular Platforms, made of Basalt-Fiber Composite / BFC ( https://basalt.alle.bg , https://float-colony.alle.bg ) - Times Stronger, Lighter and Cheaper than the Steel, also 100% Eco-Clean & Renewable -unlike the concrete and steel, plus Stainless, Waterproof, Fireproof, Chemically (Seawater) / UV / Abrasion- Resistant . 

All the Floating Modules will be firmly jointed to each other with BFC Bolts and strongly anchored with BFC Cables to the Continental Shelf’s SeaBed (20-50m deep). In zones with higher waves additional BFC Breakwaters could be attached.

There will be several higher Ship Bridges for non-conflict intersection between the road and maritime routes, crossing the Highway. This is an opportunity for new Ports to be established around these points.

Land plot prices along the seaside are cosmic, plus most of the territories are already protected under the EU Nature 2000 directive, plus a great part of the route passes through the Balkan Mountain (will need lots of bridges, tunnels, support walls, drainage, etc. infrastructure), so building on-land a new highway or even upgrading the old narrow road will be a great problem. The Istanbul - BG-Border part of the seaside route passes mostly through natural reserves too.

That Highway could become a part of a much larger Project, inclusive vast Floating Territories to be additionally attached. Various Resorts, Residential, Industrial, Health & SPA Centers, Scientific / Oceanographic Laboratories and Institutes etc. businesses could be developed on these new territories.

The Highway could also be covered by a transparent BFC Tunnel-Dome, thus made round-year dry and climatized ( no snow & icing, very few accidents and death toll, with LED Lighting, Camera / Aerial Drone - https://drones.alle.bg / FlyCar - https://flycar.alle.bg Surveillance & Services ), etc. 

There will be several On-land and several On-Highway Drone & FlyCar Coastal Bases for servicing the Highway along its route, for regular maintenance, active traffic-control and immediate deliveries ( incl. injured people, in case of emergency ) with Compressed-Hydrogen or Liquid-MOH Gas-Fueled Long-Flight & Heavy Load / Duty Drones and Flycars.

Highway’s construction will be resistant up to and over 15m high Waves and 150+km/h Winds.

Round-Year Tropical Resorts under BFC Domes, Ship Gates, Ports, Malls, Businesses, Sea-Farms, Hotels, Casinos and entire new Smart Cities ( https://smartcity.alle.bg ) could be built at strategic locations as for example at the  intersections of the Highway with roads to Burgas, Varna, all the International Resorts and Airports. 

The Floating Highway will be also a large Scientific Center for researching the Black Sea's waters.

It is well known that Black Sea is the world's richest reservoir of Methane Gas-Hydrates on its bottom - more than 50 trillion tons. Also, it has the highest concentration of H2S dissolved in the seawater.

Both gases could be extracted out of the sea and used as fuels or chemical feedstock, and a Scientific Center, located on the Floating Highway in the shelf waters could be of a great assistance for creating the best industrial technology for such a project.

The Istanbul-Odessa Highway will be about 600 km long. 

A superfast mode of transport - Supersonic Hyperloop Tube or a Tubeless MAGLEV Bullet Train (Supersonic Shuttle ) could be attached to the regular-road Highway as well. - https://hytube.alle.bg 

TECHNICAL OVERVIEW. 

1. BUILDING MATERIALS CHOICE.

The Highway will be 90% built by Assembly-Modular Floating Platforms, made of Basalt-Fiber Composite (BFC). The Base Material will be also the Pavement. No additional Gravel, Asphalt, etc. Road Cover will be needed.

This is a revolutionary advanced building-material Fiber-Composite Technology, combining extreme strength, controlled flexibility, low weight, low cost, full resistance to Corrosion, Chemical (Seawater) attack, UV-Rays, Fire (>1,000deg.C), Abrasion. Times more Resistant than the best kinds of Asphalt.

No other building material performs even close to this amazing combination of unique properties.

If you take a 2cm thick stick, made of solid Basalt, you’ll be able to break it by hand easily. Solid Basalt is very hard, but fragile. 

But if the same stick is made out of a bundle of micron-thin and flexible Basalt Fibers, SOH-gas-plasma-welded together by their surfaces, forming so called “Bone Structure”, or “Basalt-Fiber Composite” (BFC), you'll probably could bend it a little, but you won’t be able to break that stick by hand, at all. 

1.1. BUILDING MATERIALS’ COST. 

Basalt Rock is the cheapest building material - about $2 per metric ton of  Basalt Gravel.

High-quality Basalt Rock deposits in Bulgaria are estimated at more than 200 Million cube meters.

Continuous-Fiber-Drawing by Fillers, 

Welding the Fibers in the Fabrics by SOH-Gas-Plasma Burners into strong and lightweight, porous “Bone-Structures”,

will be energy-supplied by SOH Gas-Power Plants - https://fuels.alle.bg , at an extremely low cost. 

Thus the final total cost of the Prefabricated BFC Module, based on the 1. Combined Basalt Rock’s and the 2. SOH Gas Energy’s costs,  will be extremely low, times lower than the price of the Steel, Concrete, Asphalt or any other building material, existing on the market today, not mentioning the incomparable number of unique properties the BFC material performs.

1.2.  ADDITIONAL TECHNOLOGIES.

BFC technology allows one more method to be applied - the Additive Manufacturing, also called “3D-Printing”:

The unique properties of the SOH Gas-Plasma Flame to weld and also to melt and mix different materials, which materials have otherwise absolutely no chance to be welded, molten & mixed together by any other method, offer very wide fields of application for additional reinforcing BFC with various else metal or ceramic (ZrO2, ZrC, TaC, WC, BN, etc.) fibers and filaments, where extreme properties are required. 

Especially for floating marine applications, the Lightweight (Floating) BFC Porous Option, could be offered. This material is a result of shock-freezing with liquid Nitrogen of the boiling BFC or Zirconia mass and could be easily operated and shaped - cut, bored, grinded, even welded by SOH flame. Its surface could be made solid and glass-smooth by additional treatment with SOH Flames. Various Steel, Zirconia, etc. Fibers could be built-in that surface for additional strength and reinforcement.

Such combinations of extremely strong, lightweight and low-cost clean and renewable materials with 100% chemical resistance to seawater, fire, UV, abrasion, could be used for building various, entirely new, high-sea / ocean- floating BFC modular structures of gigantic magnitude. - https://float-colony.alle.bg

A Fully Assembly-Modular, extremely strong, lightweight and low-cost, gigantic BFC structure :

Such a Colony could also sail on its own across the oceans, choosing the best climate and calmer seas conditions.

Every one single, or a group of jointed C-Modules will be equipped with powerful Gas-Turbine Engines, fueled by 100% clean and renewable MOH Gas Fuel, produced out of seawater and stored onboard a safely-remote Subsea Storage.

All the extra-quantities of MOH produced, will be offered for sale. Thus a Floating Highway Project or a Colony Settlement could create its own business and economy, generating huge incomes.

MOH stands for Modified Oxygen-Hydrogen Gas Fuel which is a storable (compressed at 300bar or liquefied at 1bar/-1780 C) version of the regular SOH - which couldn’t be pressurized or liquefied. MOH was patented in Japan in 2008 and 2011 as Ohmasa Gas - 

http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20110139630#ixzz3LOxSiPwy , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUPE0Z9V82E 

The MOH Gas production out of Seawater will be effected by Floating Wind-Turbine Refineries - https://floaturbine.alle.bg  :

For Stormy-Wind and High-Wave Zones a computer-controlled Pillar-Propeller option could be used, allowing all the Platform to elevate up to 10-15m, allowing the waves to pass underneath, and then to slowly turn back to the normal position when sea surface is calmer again

Such a Floating Refinery will produce Power, SOH, MOH, Separated Pure Hydrogen & Oxygen and Heat. 

Pure (99.99%) Hydrogen’s market price for the moment is USD13.6/kg. Our Floating Wind-Solar Refinery will produce hundreds of tons of H2  per hour, at less than $1/kg cost, with our LPWE technology.

Demand for 2018 was 60 million tons, and growing. Oxygen’s price is $0.20/kg, Demand (2018) - 380 million tons.

The Pure Hydrogen produced could be also used for production of various valuable Hydrocarbons, combined with CO, produced out of CO2, which could be captured out of the Air, by the original technology of climewors.com.

Thus a Floating Highway or a Colony will be able to additionally create an entire Hydrocarbon Industry.

The Super-strong BFC Technology allows various additional solutions as for example Submersible Tunnels & Structures :

FINANCIALS :

The estimated COST of the Floating Highway Project’s Basic (Transport) Version is 

EUR 10,000,000,000 (Ten Billion Euros).

The Project  will comprise several tentative Phases :

Research & Approvals - ……………………………...…….1 year, 

SOH Gas Plant - ……………………………………………..1 year, 

BFC Plant - ……………………………………………………1 year, 

Prototype Tests - …………………………………………….1 year, 

BFC Elements’ Production - ……………………………….1 year,

Highway’s Asemblance - …..……………………………….2 years.

Total Tentative Project Term of Implementation : ...7 years.

INCOME SOURCES :

Toll Fees, ………………………………………………………………………….……..EUR 1 Billion per year,

Rents & Royalties : Premises, Plots, Port Services, ……………………………..…EUR 1 Billion per year,

Hydrogen, Oxygen, MOH Gas etc. Production and Export Sales - …...……….....EUR 3 Billion per year

Advertisement ( Billboards, LED Screens, etc.) ………………………………….….EUR 1 Billion per year

Additional Services : Hotel, Restaurant, Casino, SPA, …………………………......EUR 2 Billion per year

Seafood / Greenleaf Vertical Farms Production Export Sales : ……………….......EUR 1 Billion per year

TOTAL : ……………………………………………………………………...….EUR 9 Billion per year

Our intention is to start the Research Phase of the Project with our own funds, generated by the Development Program of our High-Tech Foundation - https://hytechfund.alle.bg, in close cooperation with our partner RFuel Inc. USA -- https://rfuel.us  

Most of those funds will be invested in building a Factory and R&D Centre in the Bojurishte Industrial Zone - http://nciz.bg/en/projects/sofia-bozhurishte-economic-zone-58.html  here in Sofia, Bulgaria, for prototyping and mass-production of SOH Gas Power&Fuel Plants,  Basalt-Fiber Composite / BFC Building Modules, Engines, Gas Turbines, etc.

Our Project will be the first great step of a worldwide development with building various floating transport corridors and new artificial  Territories for High-class Residences, Resorts and Multi-Billion Businesses around the entire Globe.